Got an itch?
Skin problems can be one of the most frustrating conditions we see, both for our patients, you as the owners and us as clinicians. What can start as an allergy can get complicated by secondary bacterial infections, yeast infections or skin parasites.
Atopic dermatitis can be particularly challenging. This is a complex disease based on a genetic defect that results in the skin not acting as a perfect barrier, and the immune system over-reacting to environmental allergens. Consequently, allergens such as pollens, food proteins, storage mites and dust mites that are inhaled, ingested or absorbed through the skin result in an allergic reaction.
Signs vary from licking or chewing without any obvious skin changes, to redness, scaling, greasiness, odour, raw areas or blisters. Itching and scratching, licking and chewing damage the skin further and allow secondary infections to occur.
Labradors, Terriers and German Shepherds seem to be prone to atopic dermatitis. Signs usually start between 6 months and 3 years of age, and initially may be seasonal, but often progress to a year-round itch.
For years, the mainstay of allergy treatment has been steroids such as prednisone - these suppress the immune system to stop the itch, and are very effective at doing so. However long-term use can have side-effects such as lethargy, increased water intake, muscle weakness and liver changes.
Atopic dermatitis works in layers - the allergy is the base level of itchiness. Any other cause of skin irritation such as fleas, food allergies, overly long nails, full anal glands, irritant shampoos, or infection steps the level of itch up another notch.
Unraveling which potential problem is causing the worst itch at that point in time can be complex - this is why, in 2012, we are offering longer consultation times to cover skin problems.
Unfortunately allergies cannot be effectively cured, but with balanced management, these pets can lead a comfortable and happy life!
